Protein hydrolysates from boarfish (Capros aper) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) skin gelatin improve metabolic control in genetically obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice

Abstract

There is increasing interest in dietary protein for management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. The effects of twice-daily oral administration of a salmon skin gelatin hydrolysate (SSGH, 50 mg/kg), boarfish protein hydrolysate (BPH, (50 mg/kg), metformin (200 mg/kg), or saline control, were investigated in ob/ob mice. Non-fasting blood glucose was significantly reduced with SSGH (p<0.01), BPH (p<0.001) and metformin (p<0.001), which were reflected in reductions in glycated haemoglobin (HbA_1c) (p<0.001, p<0.01 and p<0.01, respectively). Responses to oral and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance were improved (p<0.05-0.01), as well as circulating plasma lipid profiles (p<0.05-0.001). Chronic BPH treatment increased circulating plasma insulin (p<0.01), whereas SSGH improved insulin sensitivity (p<0.05), versus respective controls. All treatments significantly reduced energy intake (p<0.05-<0.001) versus (ob/ob) controls, without affecting overall bodyweight. These findings suggest that fish hydrolysates mediate potent anti-diabetic actions similar to metformin and might be suitable for the management and prevention of T2DM.