Figure 1. Structures of saponins extracted from sea cucumber.
| Journal of Food Bioactives, ISSN 2637-8752 print, 2637-8779 online |
| Journal website www.isnff-jfb.com |
Review
Volume 30, June 2025, pages 25-32
Components and bioactivities of sea cucumber: an update
Figure
Table
| Glycoside | Species | Physiological Activities |
|---|---|---|
| Philinopside A | P. quadrangularis | Reduces cell viability, induces apoptosis, and inhibits angiogenesis as well as tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. |
| Philinopside E | ||
| Patagonicoside A | P. graeffei | Reduces cell viability; inhibits cell adhesion, migration, metastasis, and invasion; induces apoptosis; causes cell cycle arrest; and inhibits tumor cell growth in vivo. |
| Echinoside A | ||
| 24-dehydro echinoside A | ||
| Colochiroside A | Colochirus anceps | Reduces cell viability and inhibits tumor cell growth in vivo. |
| Intercedenside A | Mensamaria intercedens | Reduces cell viability and inhibits tumor cell growth in vivo. |
| Okhotoside B1 | Cucumaria okhotensis | Reduces cell viability. |
| Okhotoside B2 | ||
| Okhotoside B3 | ||
| Frondoside A | C. frondosa; C. okhotensis | Reduces cell viability, inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis; inhibits cell migration and invasion; suppresses metastasis and angiogenesis; reduces tumor growth in vivo; and enhances the inhibitory effects of other antitumor agents. |
| Stichoposide C | T. anax | Induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor growth in vivo. |
| Cucumariosides A2 | C. japonica | Inhibits cell proliferation, causes cell cycle arrest, induces apoptosis; inhibits cell metastasis and invasion; reduces tumor growth in vivo; and enhances the tumor growth-inhibitory effects of other agents. |