J Food Bioact

Journal of Food Bioactives, ISSN 2637-8752 print, 2637-8779 online

Journal website www.isnff-jfb.com

Original Research

Volume 14, June 2021, pages 75-80

Phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of exocarp, endocarp, and hypanthium of three pear cultivars grown in China

Figure 1. HPLC-DAD chromatogram of the individual phenolic compounds mixture standard. Peak identification: (1) Gallic acid, (2) Catechin, (3) Chiorogenic acid, (4) Caffeic acid, (5) Ferulic acid, (6) Rutin and (7) Morin

**Table 1.** : Individual phenolics content in exocarp, hypanthium and endocarp from 3 varieties of pear (mg kg⁻¹)
Samples	Parts	Gallic acid	Catechin	Chlorogenic Acid	Caffeic acid ¹)	Ferulic acid	Rutin
*nd: < detection limit of the determination.
Jingbai pear	Exocarp	0.016 ± 0.003	0.016 ± 0.002	0.691 ± 0.02	0.045 ± 0.004	0.576 ± 0.06	0.312 ± 0.02
Hypanthium	0.006 ± 0.001	nd*	0.074 ± 0.006	0.012 ± 0.002	nd	–
Endocarp	0.010 ± 0.002	nd	0.353 ± 0.03	0.038 ± 0.005	nd	0.019 ± 0.003
Korla pear	Exocarp	0.025 ± 0.005	0.019 ± 0.003	0.254 ± 0.02	0.031 ± 0.005	1.405 ± 0.05	0.905 ± 0.04
Hypanthium	0.009 ± 0.001	nd	0.044 ± 0.005	0.013 ± 0.003	nd	–
Endocarp	0.006 ± 0.001	nd	0.505 ± 0.03	0.034 ± 0.005	nd	0.007 ± 0.001
Crystal pear	Exocarp	0.011 ± 0.002	0.019 ± 0.002	0.225 ± 0.02	0.036 ± 0.004	0.131 ± 0.02	0.034 ± 0.004
Hypanthium	0.006 ± 0.001	nd	0.046 ± 0.005	0.017 ± 0.003	nd	–
Endocarp	0.008 ± 0.001	nd	0.304 ± 0.02	0.057 ± 0.005	nd	0.011 ± 0.002

Table 1. : Individual phenolics content in exocarp, hypanthium and endocarp from 3 varieties of pear (mg kg⁻¹)

Samples

Parts

Gallic acid

Catechin

Chlorogenic Acid

Caffeic acid ¹)

Ferulic acid

Rutin

*nd: < detection limit of the determination.

Jingbai pear

Exocarp

0.016 ± 0.003

0.016 ± 0.002

0.691 ± 0.02

0.045 ± 0.004

0.576 ± 0.06

0.312 ± 0.02

Hypanthium

0.006 ± 0.001

nd*

0.074 ± 0.006

0.012 ± 0.002

–

Endocarp

0.010 ± 0.002

0.353 ± 0.03

0.038 ± 0.005

0.019 ± 0.003

Korla pear

Exocarp

0.025 ± 0.005

0.019 ± 0.003

0.254 ± 0.02

0.031 ± 0.005

1.405 ± 0.05

0.905 ± 0.04

Hypanthium

0.009 ± 0.001

0.044 ± 0.005

0.013 ± 0.003

–

Endocarp

0.006 ± 0.001

0.505 ± 0.03

0.034 ± 0.005

0.007 ± 0.001

Crystal pear

Exocarp

0.011 ± 0.002

0.019 ± 0.002

0.225 ± 0.02

0.036 ± 0.004

0.131 ± 0.02

0.034 ± 0.004

Hypanthium

0.006 ± 0.001

0.046 ± 0.005

0.017 ± 0.003

–

Endocarp

0.008 ± 0.001

0.304 ± 0.02

0.057 ± 0.005

0.011 ± 0.002

**Table 2.** : TPC, TFC, FRAP, ABTS and DPPH in exocarp, hypanthium and endocarp from 3 varieties of pear
Samples	Parts	TPC (mg GAE 100g⁻¹)	TFC (mg RE 100g⁻¹)	FRAP (mmol Fe²⁺ g⁻¹)	ABTS (%)	DPPH (%)
^a–cBar with no letters in common are significantly different (p < 0.05) in the same column. (TPC: Total phenolic content; TFC: Total flavonoid cotent; FRAP: ferric reducing antioxidant power)
Jingbai pear	Exocarp	121.22 ± 3.02^a	2.96 ± 0.42^a	216.64 ± 9.54^a	83.62 ± 0.08^a	17.83 ± 0.53^b
Hypanthium	56.78 ± 1.78^b	1.62 ± 0.50^b	66.64 ± 1.10^b	12.93 ± 0.04^c	4.32 ± 0.05^c
Endocarp	112.33 ± 3.52^a	2.52 ± 0.43^b	167.55 ± 3.59^ab	53.44 ± 0.14^b	84.86 ± 0.06^a
Korla pear	Exocarp	135.67 ± 3.33^a	2.89 ± 0.32^a	223.91 ± 1.92^a	66.38 ± 0.18^b	15.68 ± 0.06^b
Hypanthium	60.11 ± 1.92^b	1.61 ± 0.45^b	57.55 ± 9.39^b	40.51 ± 0.14^c	8.91 ± 0.07^c
Endocarp	76.78 ± 2.96^b	2.13 ± 0.50^ab	80.27 ± 1.06^a	72.41 ± 0.14^b	79.46 ± 0.07^a
Crystal pear	Exocarp	153.44 ± 2.60^a	3.04 ± 0.86^a	329.82 ± 5.03^a	67.24 ± 0.15^a	60.27 ± 0.53^b
Hypanthium	61.22 ± 2.69^b	1.80 ± 0.21^b	89.82 ± 1.16^b	19.82 ± 0.09^c	22.16 ± 0.05^c
Endocarp	146.78 ± 2.63^a	2.87 ± 0.30^ab	308.91 ± 2.68^b	56.03 ± 0.17^b	87.30 ± 0.03^a

Table 2. : TPC, TFC, FRAP, ABTS and DPPH in exocarp, hypanthium and endocarp from 3 varieties of pear

Samples

Parts

TPC (mg GAE 100g⁻¹)

TFC (mg RE 100g⁻¹)

FRAP (mmol Fe²⁺ g⁻¹)

ABTS (%)

DPPH (%)

^a–cBar with no letters in common are significantly different (p < 0.05) in the same column. (TPC: Total phenolic content; TFC: Total flavonoid cotent; FRAP: ferric reducing antioxidant power)

Jingbai pear

Exocarp

121.22 ± 3.02^a

2.96 ± 0.42^a

216.64 ± 9.54^a

83.62 ± 0.08^a

17.83 ± 0.53^b

Hypanthium

56.78 ± 1.78^b

1.62 ± 0.50^b

66.64 ± 1.10^b

12.93 ± 0.04^c

4.32 ± 0.05^c

Endocarp

112.33 ± 3.52^a

2.52 ± 0.43^b

167.55 ± 3.59^ab

53.44 ± 0.14^b

84.86 ± 0.06^a

Korla pear

Exocarp

135.67 ± 3.33^a

2.89 ± 0.32^a

223.91 ± 1.92^a

66.38 ± 0.18^b

15.68 ± 0.06^b

Hypanthium

60.11 ± 1.92^b

1.61 ± 0.45^b

57.55 ± 9.39^b

40.51 ± 0.14^c

8.91 ± 0.07^c

Endocarp

76.78 ± 2.96^b

2.13 ± 0.50^ab

80.27 ± 1.06^a

72.41 ± 0.14^b

79.46 ± 0.07^a

Crystal pear

Exocarp

153.44 ± 2.60^a

3.04 ± 0.86^a

329.82 ± 5.03^a

67.24 ± 0.15^a

60.27 ± 0.53^b

Hypanthium

61.22 ± 2.69^b

1.80 ± 0.21^b

89.82 ± 1.16^b

19.82 ± 0.09^c

22.16 ± 0.05^c

Endocarp

146.78 ± 2.63^a

2.87 ± 0.30^ab

308.91 ± 2.68^b

56.03 ± 0.17^b

87.30 ± 0.03^a