J Food Bioact

Journal of Food Bioactives, ISSN 2637-8752 print, 2637-8779 online

Journal website www.isnff-jfb.com

Original Research

Volume 12, December 2020, pages 122-128

Suppressing the oxidation of LDL and DNA strand breakage of bioactives in dehulled and hull fraction of lentils

Figure 1. The microstructure of lentil and localization of soluble- and insoluble-bound phenolics in plant cells.

Figure 2. LDL oxidation inhibitory activity of soluble- and insoluble-bound phenolics in hulls and dehulled grains of lentils.

Figure 3. The DNA scission inhibitory activity of insoluble-bound phenolics of hulls and dehulled grains of lentils at the hydroxyl radical oxidation system (1 blank; 2 control; 3 Greenland hulls; 4 3494 hulls; 5 Invincible hulls; 6 Maxim hulls; 7 Greenland dehulled; 8 3494 dehulled; 9 Invincible dehulled; and 10 Maxim dehulled).

Figure 4. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of soluble- (a) and insoluble-bound phenolics (b) in hulls (Green) and dehulled grains (Orange) in lentil cultivars; ND: Not detected.

**Table 1.** Total phenolic and total flavonoid content of SPs and IBPs in hulls and dehulled grains of lentils
	Total phenolic content (Gallic acid equivalents, mg/g DW)
Values in each column having the same letter are not significantly different (p > 0.05).
Greenland	32.8 ± 0.3b	19.7 ± 0.2d	52.5	0.6	1.6 ± 0.0a	1.1 ± 0.0b	2.7	0.7
3494	33.6 ± 0.1a	23.1 ± 0.2b	56.7	0.7	1.6 ± 0.0a	1.0 ± 0.0a	2.6	0.6
Invincible	32.5 ± 0.3b	24.3 ± 0.1a	56.8	0.8	1.6 ± 0.0a	1.2 ± 0.0b	2.8	0.7
Maxim	31.5 ± 0.1c	22.4 ± 0.2c	53.8	0.7	1.6 ± 0.1a	1.0 ± 0.0a	2.6	0.6
Values in each column having the same letter are not significantly different (p > 0.05).
Greenland	7.4 ± 0.5bc	11.0 ± 0.0d	18.4	1.5	1.1 ± 0.1a	0.8 ± 0.1a	2.5	0.8
3494	7.9 ± 0.1ab	13.0 ± 0.3b	20.9	1.6	1.2 ± 0.1a	0.9 ± 0.1a	2.8	0.7
Invincible	8.4 ± 0.1a	14.7 ± 0.1a	23.1	1.7	1.1 ± 0.1a	0.8 ± 0.1ab	2.8	0.8
Maxim	7.2 ± 0.0c	12.7 ± 0.1b	19.9	1.7	1.2 ± 0.1a	0.7 ± 0.1b	2.9	0.6

Table 1. Total phenolic and total flavonoid content of SPs and IBPs in hulls and dehulled grains of lentils

Total phenolic content (Gallic acid equivalents, mg/g DW)

Hull

Dehulled

SPs

IBPs

Total

Ratio (IBPs/SPs)

SPs

IBPs

Total

Ratio (IBPs/SPs)

Values in each column having the same letter are not significantly different (p > 0.05).

Greenland

32.8 ± 0.3b

19.7 ± 0.2d

52.5

0.6

1.6 ± 0.0a

1.1 ± 0.0b

2.7

0.7

3494

33.6 ± 0.1a

23.1 ± 0.2b

56.7

0.7

1.6 ± 0.0a

1.0 ± 0.0a

2.6

0.6

Invincible

32.5 ± 0.3b

24.3 ± 0.1a

56.8

0.8

1.6 ± 0.0a

1.2 ± 0.0b

2.8

0.7

Maxim

31.5 ± 0.1c

22.4 ± 0.2c

53.8

0.7

1.6 ± 0.1a

1.0 ± 0.0a

2.6

0.6

Total flavonoid content (Catechin equivalents, mg/g DW)

Hull

Dehulled

SPs

IBPs

Total

Ratio (IBPs/SPs)

SPs

IBPs

Total

Ratio (IBPs/SPs)

Values in each column having the same letter are not significantly different (p > 0.05).

Greenland

7.4 ± 0.5bc

11.0 ± 0.0d

18.4

1.5

1.1 ± 0.1a

0.8 ± 0.1a

2.5

0.8

3494

7.9 ± 0.1ab

13.0 ± 0.3b

20.9

1.6

1.2 ± 0.1a

0.9 ± 0.1a

2.8

0.7

Invincible

8.4 ± 0.1a

14.7 ± 0.1a

23.1

1.7

1.1 ± 0.1a

0.8 ± 0.1ab

2.8

0.8

Maxim

7.2 ± 0.0c

12.7 ± 0.1b

19.9

1.7

1.2 ± 0.1a

0.7 ± 0.1b

2.9

0.6

**Table 2.** The DNA scission inhibitory activity of phenolics in hulls and dehulled grains of lentils
	Hydroxyl radical-induced oxidation (inhibition %)
Greenland	43 ± 8a	65 ± 4a	31 ± 4b	52 ± 14a
3494	45 ± 9a	65 ± 7a	30 ± 2bc	45 ± 15a
Invincible	41 ± 13a	58 ± 6a	44 ± 5a	48 ± 11a
Maxim	54 ± 2a	63 ± 6a	20 ± 2c	30 ± 5a
Greenland	97 ± 1a	97 ± 8a	67 ± 2a	24 ± 1 a
3494	99 ± 4a	98 ± 6a	60 ± 1ab	18 ± 3a
Invincible	97 ± 0a	95 ± 4a	59 ± 3ab	19 ± 8a
Maxim	97 ± 1a	95 ± 4a	53 ± 6b	10 ± 8a

Table 2. The DNA scission inhibitory activity of phenolics in hulls and dehulled grains of lentils

Hydroxyl radical-induced oxidation (inhibition %)

Hulls

Dehulled

SPs

IBPs

SPs

IBPs

Greenland

43 ± 8a

65 ± 4a

31 ± 4b

52 ± 14a

3494

45 ± 9a

65 ± 7a

30 ± 2bc

45 ± 15a

Invincible

41 ± 13a

58 ± 6a

44 ± 5a

48 ± 11a

Maxim

54 ± 2a

63 ± 6a

20 ± 2c

30 ± 5a

Peroxyl radical-induced oxidation (inhibition %)

Hulls

Dehulled

SPs

IBPs

SPs

IBPs

Greenland

97 ± 1a

97 ± 8a

67 ± 2a

24 ± 1 a

3494

99 ± 4a

98 ± 6a

60 ± 1ab

18 ± 3a

Invincible

97 ± 0a

95 ± 4a

59 ± 3ab

19 ± 8a

Maxim

97 ± 1a

95 ± 4a

53 ± 6b

10 ± 8a